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=INTERNATIONAL BUSINSS PER. 5= Assignment 1 1.Q:What is Imternational Business? Is any activity involving business operations across national borders.

2.Q:When did global trade firade first begin? global trode begin 15,000 years ago.

3.Q: What are three factors tht influence trade relations ? - cultural and social factors. - political and legal factors. - economic factors.

China and India have the same business but they work differently,they have seperafe ideas.

Gestures around the world is the way people greet. A lot of countries are different. Some cultures think the way is good, but other cultures might think it's bad. For example, in my country if you give your left hand, it is disrespectful. In my country, when a person sees another person, they might give three to five kisses on the cheeks, but mostly women, children, and family members do this. Solid handshakes are more common between males. In the USA, you might give a hug with a handshake. The most common thing in the country to say goodbye is to wave your hand.

The second video is about the Arabic business. They show the 10 things about the Arabic life. Because they have a separate culture, they have different things, they are not the same as America. They have a different way to do it.

9/11was in sepfember 11.2001 tuesday,and to the word ade centr.



=World facts=

The world population is the sum total of all living humans on Earth. As of today, it is estimated to number 7.039 billion by the United States Census Bureau USCBThe USCB estimates that the world population exceeded 7 billion on March 12, 2012According to a separate estimate by the United Nations Population Fund, it reached this milestone on October 31, 2011.
 * === Q :1.What is population of World?===
 * ===Q; 2 Can you name two of the biggest counties in the world?===
 * China and india


 * ===Q;3 Name smallest country in world?===
 * Vatican city 0.2 square miles


 * ===Q;4 What language is spoken by more people?===
 * English

The Summit is a simulation of the global economy. It is an effective learning experience for high school and university students on globalization, international relations and economics. At the Summit, student teams, representing the nations of today's complex world, compete for scarce resources, form strategic country alliances, debate global issues, invest in long term development projects, interact with global economic institutions, and seek to stabilize and advance the global economy. Davos (Romansh: Tavau, archaic Italian: Tavate, local German pronunciation is a municipality in the district of Prättigau/Davos in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has a permanent population of 11,166 (2010) Davos is located on the Landwasser River, in the Swiss Alps, between the Plessur and Albula Range. At 1,560 m (5,120 ft), it is the highest city in Europe. It is the capital of Burkina Faso in Africa Sydney, New South Wales, Australia actual time, daylight saving time 2012, GMT offset, time change dates
 * ===Q;5 What is an International Economic Summit?===
 * ===Q;6 What is Davos?===
 * ===Q;7 What is ouagadougou?===
 * ===Q;8 What time is it now, time difference, in Sidney, Australia===

=CULTURE= Ads

10 Tips on Arab Culture for Successful Business in the
= = Arab culture

1. the 'Arab worla 2. Family 3. Hierarchy 4. bureaucracy 5. power shifts 6. honour 8. timing 9. oral communi cations 10.language is compliant

Facts:


 * The Arabic language is the main unifying factor in the Arab World.
 * All Arabs speak and understand the standard classical **Arabic**language.
 * Different areas speak various dialects (there are 5 major dialects in addition to several sub-dialects).
 * **Arabic**is also taught and spoken partially in most Moslem countries.
 * Not all Arabs are Moslems.
 * Not all Moslems are Arabs.
 * Definition of an Arab according to the Arab League: __A person whose language is **Arabic**, who lives in an **Arabic** speaking country, who is in sympathy with the aspirations of the **Arabic** speaking people.__
 * In addition to **Arabic**, French is also used officially in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia.
 * The Arab countries are:


 * ~ Algeria ||~ Bahrain ||~ Comoros ||~ Djibouti ||~ Egypt ||~ Iraq ||~ Jordan ||
 * Kuwait ||  Lebanon  ||  Libya  ||  Morocco  ||  Mauritania  ||  Oman  ||  Saudi Arabia  ||
 * Somalia ||  Sudan  ||  Syria  ||  Tunisia  ||  Qatar  ||  U.A.E  ||  Yemen  ||

The Arab World is a vast place that stretches over two continents, Africa and Asia. As shown on the map, it borders the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the Arabian Gulf in the east, the Mediterranean Sea in the north and Central Africa and the Indian Ocean in the south. It looks over four important straits and water passes including the Suez Canal. The Arab World consists of 21 countries and is home to more than 330 million people. =Libya= Libya is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west

On July 7, 2012, the National Transitional Council|National Transitional Council, in power since the Libyan civil war|Libyan civil war, supervised democratic Libyan General National Congress election, 2012|elections for a 200 member General National Congress|General National Congress to replace the Council.home#cite note-Yahoo1-0 The assembly will choose a prime minister and organize Parliamentary|parliamentary elections in 2013.home#cite note-Yahoo1-0 A process to write a constitution will also be determined.home#cite note-Yahoo1-0. Dialing code : 218 Currency : Libyan dinar Prime minister : Mustafa A.G. Abushagur Population : 6,422,772 (2011) World Bank National anthem : Libya, Libya, Libya ||
 * Capital : Tripoli

Egypt, officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: جمهورية مصر العربية, is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Dialing code : 20 Currency : Egyptian pound Population : 82,536,770 (2011) World Bank Government : Republic Continent : Africa || A **presidential election** was held in Egypt|Egypt on 23 and 24 May 2012. The main election was held on 16 and 17 June. The Muslim_Brotherhood|Muslim Brotherhood declared early 18 June 2012, that its candidate, Mohammed_Morsi|Mohammed Morsi, won Egypt's presidential election, which would be the first victory of an Islamist|Islamist as head of state in the Arab_world|Arab world. It was the second presidential election in Egypt's history with more than one candidate, following the Egyptian_presidential_election,_2005|2005 election, and the first presidential election after the 2011_Egyptian_revolution|2011 Egyptian revolution during the Arab_Spring|Arab Spring. On 24 June 2012, Egypt|Egypt's election commission announced that Muslim_Brotherhood|Muslim Brotherhood candidate Mohammed Morsi has won Egypt's presidential runoff. Morsi won by a narrow margin over Ahmed_Shafik|Ahmed Shafik, the last prime minister under deposed leader Hosni_Mubarak|Hosni Mubarak. The commission said Morsi took 51.7% of the vote versus 48.3% for Shafik.
 * Capital : Cairo

=Assignment 5= =__Countries of Interest__= Belgium Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO. Dialing code : 32 Currency : Euro Population : 11,008,000 (2011) World Bank GDP : US$ 511.5 billion (2011) World Bank Official language : Dutch Language, French Language, German Language ||
 * Capital : City of Brussels

Belize Belize is a country located on the north eastern coast of Central America and it is the only country in the area where English is the official language, although Kriol and Spanish are more commonly spoken. Dialing code : 501 Currency : Belize dollar Population : 356,600 (2011) World Bank National anthem : Land of the Free Official language : English Language || = = =Belgium Imports=
 * Capital : Belmopan

=
Belgium imports were worth 27975 Million EUR in June of 2012. Historically, from 1993 until 2012, Belgium Imports averaged 17692.59 Million EUR reaching an all time high of 31502.00 Million EUR in March of 2012 and a record low of 6976.00 Million EUR in July of 1993. Belgium imports mainly machinery and equipment, chemicals, diamonds, pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs, transportation equipment and oil products. It major import partners are: European Union members (Germany, Netherlands, France, UK, Ireland), United States and China. This page includes a chart with historical data for Belgium Imports.====== =Top Belgian Exports & Imports= Sugar, tea & nuclear fuels are fastest-growing Belgian exports to the U.S. while organic chemicals & pharmaceutical preparations lead American imports into Belgium. Read more at Suite101:

=how far away is belgium to usa 87,6500miles= =climate is belojium= **Belgium** has a temperate maritime climate influenced by the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean, with cool summers and moderate winters. Since the country is small there is **little variation** in climate from region to region, although the marine influences are less inland. **Rainfall** is distributed throughout the year with a dryer period from April to September. Especially in fall and winter strong atlantic low-pressure systems can bring and uncomfortable weather. Sometimes easterly winds can cause a more continantal type of weather, warm and dry in the summer, but cold and clear in the winter with temperatures sometimes **far below zero** =time zone= = =
 * Belgrade * || same time || Indianapolis * || -6 hours || Newark * || -6 hours || Suzhou || +6 hours ||

Government
Belgium is governed under the constitution of 1831 as amended; revisions in 1993 established a federal state. Its government is a federal parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the hereditary monarch; the head of government is the prime minister. There is a bicameral Parliament with a 71-member Senate and a 150-seat Chamber of Representatives (or Chamber of Deputies). Political divisions fall into three main groups—Christian Democrats, Liberals, and Socialists—each of these again divided into political parties constituted along linguistic lines. The country is divided into two regions (Flanders and Wallonia) that each comprise five provinces and the capital region; there are also three linguistic communities (Dutch, French, and German).

4 Interesting facts **1.official languages** Most countries in the world will use one official language. This country is on the contrary. It has three official languages. Most people living here speak Flemish. The second and the third languages are French and German. Belgium facts: brugge

**2.Belgian Chocolates** The second point of Belgium facts is about the enticing food. The famous one is Belgian chocolate. Each year, this country produces 220,000 tons of chocolate. In other word, people consume 61 grams of chocolate every day. Belgium facts: chocolate

**3.A country without Government** The next fact is totally surprising. This country does not have any government. Even though it seems terrifying, everything is just great in Belgium. The one in charge to run the country now is a caretaker government. Belgium facts: map

**4.Royal Palace of Brussels** Just like United Kingdom, this country also has a royal palace of Brussels. It is fifty per cent longer the Buckingham Palace even though the UK palace is more popular.

Belize Imports and Exports = Imports and Exports of Belize = IMPORTS BY DESTINATION =how far away is Belize to usa= =climate=
 * **GROSS IMPORTS** ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * SITC SECTION || **1995** || **1996** || **1997** || **1998** || **1999** || **2000** ||
 * Food and Live Animals || 80,392 || 86,009 || 90,423 || 99,317 || 107,074 || 113,001 ||
 * Beverages & Tobacco || 14,391 || 13,887 || 18,409 || 9,826 || 10,960 || 7,571 ||
 * Crude Materials || 3,439 || 2,359 || 2,728 || 3,794 || 5,410 || 7,623 ||
 * Mineral, Fuels & Lubricants || 59,306 || 58,045 || 73,746 || 68,095 || 118,664 || 150,904 ||
 * Animal & Vegetable Oils || 3,457 || 3,896 || 3,863 || 3,651 || 3,812 || 3,921 ||
 * Chemicals & Related Products || 55,473 || 58,939 || 62,604 || 63,293 || 73,088 || 91,435 ||
 * Manufactured Goods: Materials || 92,313 || 92,778 || 104,965 || 113,515 || 113,139 || 159,273 ||
 * Machinery & Transport Equipment || 133,552 || 128,224 || 147,746 || 152,228 || 200,429 || 253,906 ||
 * Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles || 72,007 || 63,821 || 64,488 || 75,099 || 86,495 || 95,339 ||
 * Commodities & Transactions N.E.C. || 101 || 3,005 || 3,452 || 3,850 || 20,228 || 8,299 ||
 * **TOTAL** || **514,431** || **510,962** || **572,424** || **592,668** || **739,299** || **891,272** ||
 * N.E.C. - Not Elsewhere Classified ||  ||   ||   ||
 * **TOTAL** || **514,431** || **510,962** || **572,424** || **592,668** || **739,299** || **891,272** ||
 * N.E.C. - Not Elsewhere Classified ||  ||   ||   ||
 * Belize - Belize City || Sun 6:14 PM || U.S.A. - Massachusetts - Bridgewater * || Sun 8:14 PM ||
 * There are definite wet and dry seasons.** The onset of the "dry" varies widely from year to year, but once the onset of the dry commences, the actual amount of rain falling during the "dry" is a predictable amount. This is not necessarily so for the remainder of the year though. As a general rule though, the higher the average rainfall, the greater are the departures from the norm. For example, rainfall in Punta Gorda to the south in September maybe 12 inches one year and 36 inches the following.
 * The number of rainy days varies** considerable from place to place. The Cayo District has an average of 125 rainy days per year; Belize District averages about 171 rainy days, the Stann Creek District 183 days per year while in Punta Gorda they often have over 200 days of rain every year. Many of these rainy days are insignificant though, with early morning showers (called "night rain" by the locals" blossoming beautiful rainbows. These "night rains" are caused by cool air moving down from the mountains which cools the air along the cost causing a light rain.

=time zone= Belize is six hours behind GMT (same as CST). They do not observe daylight-savings time so during these months (April-October), Belize is on MST. =Belize: Government=

Principal Government Officials
Belize is a parliamentary democracy based on the Westminster model and is a member of the Commonwealth. Queen Elizabeth II is head of state and is represented in the country by Governor General Colville N. Young, Sr., a Belizean and Belize's second governor general. The primary executive organ of government is the cabinet, led by a prime minister (head of government). Cabinet ministers are members of the majority political party in parliament and usually hold elected seats in the National Assembly concurrently with their cabinet positions 4 Interesting facts 1. Until recent history, the country of Guatemala has claimed ownership of much or all of present day Belize territories. The Guatemalan claim rests on a treaty with the United Kingdom, which the Guatemalan government claims was violated, granting them the territory. After Belize claimed its independence Guatemala refused to recognize it as a country until 1991. Even now, there are continuous border debates between the two countries, and there are currently British military personal in Belize to protect them from any conflict with Guatemala. 2. There are literally hundreds of different cayes (pronounced “keys”) that are part of Belize. Some of them are extremely small and with tiny populations or even uninhabited. One of these is Rendezvous Caye, which I visited while sailing down the coast of Belize. It has a permanent population of zero, and a watchmen who spends the majority of each month on the island. 3. Belize is a very lightly populated country, with roughly 290,000 residents during its last census. This results in an average of 33 people per square mile compared to the United States at 84 people per square mile. (source) 4. Belize is the only country in Central America whose official language is NOT Spanish. Their official language is English
 * Chief of State:** Queen Elizabeth II represented by Governor General Colville Young, Sr.**Head of Government:** Prime Minister Hon Dean Oliver Barrow

Summary-why I chose Belgium and Belize
I chose Belgium because it is the country that colonized my country. I am trying to learn about their country because they don't really talk about that country that colonized us. They never taught us about the country, just French. That is why I chose this country.

Belize is a country I didn't know existed until now, when I saw the video and the place. That was a beautiful place to learn about their culture, food, and what they do everyday.

=famous figure of India=
 * Destinations:**Delhi - Shimla - Kolkata - Lucknow - Kanpur -

Orcha - Jhansi - Gwalior - Agra Days
 * Duration:** 14 Nights/15

As you reach the Delhi airport, you will be greeted by our representatives in a traditional Indian manner. Upon reaching the hotel, they would assist you with the formalities, post which you can rest and revitalize yourself from the tiredness of the journey.
 * Day 1: Delhi**



India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world.

Dialing code : 91 GDP : US$ 1.848 trillion (2011) World Bank Population : 1,241,491,960 (2011) World Bank Currency : Indian rupee President : Pranab Mukherjee ||
 * Capital : New Delhi

what two languages does the indian constitution stipulate as the languages of official communication for the national government?
Two languages are the languages used by the central administration:
 * 1) **Hindi**is the language used by the Central Government when communicating with the states of Hindi Belt
 * 2) **English** is the Associate official language and the language to be used while communicating with the state

why is it important to business that the indian constitution identifie such languages of official communication?
India is a land of many tongues. India is a multilingual society with at least 30 different languages and around 2000 dialects. The government of India recognizes 112 mother tongues that have more than 10,000 speakers. 188 languages have been tabulated, and as many as 544 dialects identified. Hindi is the official national language of India. The Indian constitution also recognizes 18 principal state languages, along with English, which are used in schools and in official transactions. These are Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu, Tamil, and Urdu



Sudan, officially the Republic of Sudan, sometimes called North Sudan, is an Arab state in North Africa. Currency : Sudanese pound President : Omar al-Bashir Population : 34,318,385 (2011) World Bank Official language : Arabic Language, English Language Government : Presidential system, Federal republic, Republic, Democracy, Representative democracy ||
 * Capital : Khartoum

Sudan (Arabic: السودان‎, as-Sūdān i/suːˈdæn/ or /suːˈdɑːn/;), officially the Republic of Sudan[8] (Arabic: جمهورية السودان‎, Jumhūrīyat as-Sūdān), sometimes called North Sudan,10 is an Arab state in North Africa (it is also considered to be part of the Middle East). It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, and Libya to the northwest. The population of Sudan is a combination of indigenous inhabitants of Nile Valley, and descendants of migrants from the Arabian Peninsula. Due to the process of Arabisation common throughout the rest of the Arab world, today Arab culture predominates in Sudan. The overwhelming majority of the population of Sudan adheres to Islam. The Nile divides the country into eastern and western halves.

The people of Sudan have a long history extending from antiquity which is intertwined with the history of Egypt. Sudan suffered seventeen years of civil war during the First Sudanese Civil War (1955–1972) followed by ethnic, religious and economic conflicts between the Muslim Arabs of Northern Sudan and the mostly animist and Christian Nilotes of Southern Sudan. This led to the Second Sudanese Civil War in 1983. Because of continuing political and military struggles, Sudan was seized in a bloodless coup d'état by colonel Omar al-Bashir in 1989, who thereafter proclaimed himself President of Sudan. The civil war ended with the signing of a Comprehensive Peace Agreement which granted autonomy to what was then the southern region of the country. Following a referendum held in January 2011, South Sudan seceded on 9 July 2011 with the consent of Sudan.

A member of the United Nations, Sudan also maintains membership with the African Union, the Arab League, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the Non-Aligned Movement, as well as serving as an observer in the World Trade Organization. Its capital is Khartoum, which serves as the political, cultural and commercial centre of the nation. Officially a federal presidential representative democratic republic, the politics of Sudan are widely considered by the international community to take place within an authoritarian system due to the control of the National Congress Party (NCP) of the judiciary, executive and legislative branches of government.

[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Sudan.gif]]
=The lmpact of internationalo business=

nternational business been a part of the history of many civilizations.
=Local level=

At the local level,gobal business has changed the natureb of shopping.
=State or provincial level=

International business also affects commerce at the stte or provincial level.
=National level=

At the nationsl level,international trade has a major impact on the economy of an entire country.
=International level=

Trade also affects the whole world on an international level.
=Ethics and social responsibility=

Business ethics is a set of ideas about how a company should conduct business in relation to legal,social,and environmental issues.
=Social responsibility= As member of social responsibility is the duty to do what is best for society. =Performing positive activities= A code of ethics is a statement that explains what a company or group believs is proper and improper conduct. =Stakeholders=

=International peace day= The International Day of Peace was first established in 1981 by a resolution 36/67 of the United Nations General Assembly to coincide with its opening session every September. In 2001 the resolution 55/282 was strengthened to make date September 21 the official date annually. It was voted unanimoiusly. International peace Day is meant to be a day of nonviolence and cease-fire. Today, on International Peace Day there are many celebrations and peace marches to homor world peace in cities and countries worldwide.  Secretary-General Kofi Annan has asked all United Nations departments and agencies to expand their observance, extending a special invitation to civil society and highlighting the Minute of Silence at 12 noon.  The 2004 Peace Day marked the 50th anniversary of the Peace Bell.


 * Political Party: || Democratic || Republican ||
 * Alma Mater: || Harvard law school, Columbia University || Stanford University, Brigham Young University (BA), Harvard University (MBA, JD) ||
 * Position on the Economy: || Repeal Bush tax cuts for households earning more than $250,000. Lower taxes on manufacturing industry. Stimulus spending and tax cuts to grow the economy (short term). Cut spending and raise taxes on wealthy to reduce deficit (long term). || Make Bush tax cuts permanent. Lower corporate tax rate across the board to 25%. Cut taxes and regulations to encourage business. Cut "non-security discretionary [government] spending" by 5% to reduce deficit. ||
 * Position on Healthcare: || Signed the 2010 healthcare overhaul bill. Calls for patient protections like allowing coverage for pre-existing conditions, not letting insurers cancel policies when patients get sick, and requiring individuals to buy health insurance or pay a fine. || Though he created similar legislation in Massachusetts, promises to repeal Barack Obama's 2010 healthcare overhaul. Would encourage individuals to purchase their own health insurance rather than rely on their employers. ||
 * Position on Immigration: || Supports a path to legalization for illegal immigrants that includes learning English and paying fines; toughen penalties for hiring illegal immigrants; voted for fence along Mexican border. || Would make English the official language of the US and "turn off the magnets like tuition breaks or other breaks that draw people into this country illegally" ||
 * Position on Iraq: || Opposed invasion from the beginning; opposed troop increase; ended military operations in Iraq(on previously negotiated Bush timeline). Made no effort to keep promise to exit in 2009. Troops moved to Afghanistan and Iranian border. || Romney says that keeping the U.S. in Iraq is the best option for minimizing casualties and maintaining a democratic government in Iraq. ||
 * Position on Global Warming and Environment: || Supports a mandatory cap-and-trade system to reduce carbon emissions. Opposes Keystone XL pipeline. || Opposes cap and trade legislation. Supports Keystone XL pipeline. Exporting carbon emissions to China hurts US and planet. (Aug 2007), Humans contribute to world getting warmer. (Nov 2011), $20 billion package for energy research & new car technology ||
 * Position on Gay rights: || Supports same-sex marriage; pushed Congress to repeal Don't Ask, Don't Tell, allowing gays to serve openly in the military || Opposes same-sex marriage; supports legal unions; supports Don't Ask, Don't Tell but favors gays serving openly in the military(Govwatch 1994), supported ENDA to ban anti-gay employer discrimination ||
 * Position on Abortion: || Supports Roe v. Wade; criticized Supreme Court decision that upheld ban on partial-birth abortions. || Opposes Roe v. Wade; believes states should be allowed to ban abortions., 1994: Supported abortion rights but personally opposed, No punishment for women who have partial birth abortions, change of heart in 2005 when preparing to run for President ||
 * Full name: || Barack Hussein Obama || Willard Mitt Romney ||
 * Position on Indefinite detention: || Publicly opposed but debate on Congressional floor revealed that his Administration asked for language excluding American citizens be removed. || Would have signed NDAA as is. ||
 * Profession: || Lawyer, politician, author || Businessman, politician, author ||
 * Position on Military Intervention: || Publicly opposed wars and intervention but has recently admitted to expanding Afghan conflict into Pakistan. Says Congressional approval not required if UN gives approval. || Consult with lawyers on legality but believes President has the right to do what he believes makes the country safer. ||
 * Place of Birth: || Honolulu, Hawaii || Detroit, Michigan ||
 * Position on Free Speech: || Signed H.R. 347 allowing the Secret Service to limit protest based upon threat assessment and proximity. || No public position ||
 * Children: || Malia Ann (b July 4, 1998) and Natasha (known as Sasha) (b June 10, 2001) || Tagg (b. 1970), Matt (b. 1971), Josh (b. 1975), Ben (b. 1978), Craig (b. 1981) ||
 * Spouse(s): || Michelle Obama || Ann Romney (m. 1969–present) ||
 * Position on Iran: || Engage in direct diplomacy; tighten economic sanctions with international cooperation; military option not off the table. Failed to deliver on 2008 campaign promise to meet with the Iranian president without preconditions. || Military option not off the table. ||
 * Website: || http://www.barackobama.com || http://www.mittromney.com ||
 * Religion: || Christian (United Church of Christ) || Christian (The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) ||
 * Residence: || Washington, D.C. || Belmont, Massachusetts ||
 * Running mate: || Joseph "Joe" Biden || Paul Ryan ||
 * Date of Birth: || August 4,1961 || March 12, 1947 ||
 * Books Authored: || Dreams from My Father: A story of Race and Inheritance; and The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts of Reclaiming the American Dream. || No Apology: The Case for American Greatness; and Turnaround: Crisis, Leadership, and the Olympic Games ||



=History of the Panama Canal=

= = ||

From 1819, Panama was part of the federation and country of Colombia but when Colombia rejected United States plans to build a canal across the Isthmus of Panama, the U.S. supported a revolution that led to the independence of Panama in 1903. The new Panamanian government authorized French businessman Philippe Bunau-Varilla, to negotiate a treaty with the United States. The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty allowed the U.S. to build the Panama Canal and provided for perpetual control of a zone five-miles wide on either side of the canal. Although the French had attempted construction of a canal in the 1880s, the Panama Canal was successfully built from 1904 to 1914. Once the canal was complete the U.S. held a swath of land running the approximately 50 miles across the isthmus of Panama. The division of the country of Panama into two parts by the U.S. territory of the Canal Zone caused tension throughout the twentieth century. Additionally, the self-contained Canal Zone (the official name for the U.S. territory in Panama) contributed little to the Panamanian economy. The residents of the Canal Zone were primarily U.S. citizens and West Indians who worked in the Zone and on the canal. Anger flared in the 1960s and led to anti-American riots. The U.S. and Panamanian governments began to work together to solve the territorial issue. In 1977, U.S. President Jimmy Carter signed a treaty which agreed to return 60% of the Canal Zone to Panama in 1979. The canal and remaining territory, known as the Canal Area, was returned to Panama at noon (local Panama time) on December 31, 1999. Additionally, from 1979 to 1999, a bi-national transitional Panama Canal Commission ran the canal, with an American leader for the first decade and a Panamanian administrator for the second. The transition at the end of 1999 was very smooth, for over 90% of the canal employees were Panamanian by 1996. The 1977 treaty established the canal as a neutral international waterway and even in times of war any vessel is guaranteed safe passage. After the 1999 hand-over, the U.S. and Panama jointly shared duties in defending the canal.

Operation of the Panama Canal
The canal makes the trip from the east coast to the west coast of the U.S. much shorter than the route taken around the tip of South America prior to 1914. Though traffic continues to increase through the canal, many oil supertankers and military battleships and aircraft carriers can not fit through the canal. There's even a class of ships known as "Panamax," those built to the maximum capacity of the Panama canal and its locks. It takes approximately fifteen hours to traverse the canal through its three sets of locks (about half the time is spent waiting due to traffic). Ships passing through the canal from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean actually move from the northwest to the southeast, due to the east-west orientation of the Isthmus of Panama.

Panama Canal Expansion
In September, 2007 work began on a $5.2 billion project to expand the Panama Canal. Expected to be complete in 2014, the Panama Canal expansion project will allow ships double the size of current Panamax to pass through the canal, dra

=suez canal= ||

Suez Canal Construction History
Although the Suez Canal wasn't officially completed until 1869, there is a long history of interest in connecting both the Nile River in Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. It is believed that the first canal in the area was constructed between the Nile River delta and the Red Sea in the 13th Century B.C.E. During the 1,000 years following its construction, the original canal was neglected and its use finally stopped in the 8th Century. The first modern attempts to build a canal came in the late 1700s when Napoleon Bonaparte conducted an expedition to Egypt. He believed that building a French controlled canal on the Isthmus of Suez would cause trade problems for the British as they would either have to pay dues to France or continue sending goods over land or around the southern part of Africa. Studies for Napoleon's canal plan began in 1799 but a miscalculation in measurement showed the sea levels between the Mediterranean and the Red Seas as being too different for a canal to be feasible and construction immediately stopped. The next attempt to build a canal in the area occurred in the mid-1800s when a French diplomat and engineer, Ferdinand de Lesseps, convinced the Egyptian viceroy Said Pasha to support the building of a canal. In 1858, the Universal Suez Ship Canal Company was formed and given the right to begin construction of the canal and operate it for 99 years, after which time, the Egyptian government would take over control of the canal. At its founding, the Universal Suez Ship Canal Company was owned by French and Egyptian interests. Construction of the Suez Canal officially began on April 25, 1859. It opened ten years later on November 17, 1869 at a cost of $100 million.

Suez Canal Use and Control
Almost immediately after its opening, the Suez Canal had a significant impact on world trade as goods were moved around the world in record time. In 1875, debt forced Egypt to sell its shares in ownership of the Suez Canal to the United Kingdom. However, an international convention in 1888 made the canal available for all ships from any nation to use. Shortly thereafter, conflicts began to arise over use and control of the Suez Canal. In 1936 for example, the U.K. was given the right to maintain military forces in the Suez Canal Zone and control entry points. In 1954, Egypt and the U.K. signed a seven year contract that resulted in the withdrawal of British forces from the canal area and allowed Egypt to take control of the former British installations. In addition, with the creation of Israel in 1948, the Egyptian government prohibited the use of the canal by ships coming and going from the country. Also in the 1950s, the Egyptian government was working on a way to finance the Aswan High Dam. Initially it had support from the United States and the U.K. but in July 1956, both nations withdrew their support and the Egyptian government seized and nationalized the canal so passage fees could be used to pay for the dam. On October 29 of that same year, Israel invaded Egypt and two days later Britain and France followed on grounds that passage through the canal was to be free. In retaliation, Egypt blocked the canal by intentionally sinking 40 ships. These events were known as the Suez Crisis. In November 1956, the Suez Crisis ended when the United Nations arranged a truce between the four nations. The Suez Canal then reopened in March 1957 when the sunken ships were removed. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the Suez Canal was closed several more times because of conflicts between Egypt and Israel. In 1962, Egypt made its final payments for the canal to its original owners (the Universal Suez Ship Canal Company) and the nation took full control of the Suez Canal.

The Suez Canal Today
Today, the Suez Canal is operated by the Suez Canal Authority. The canal itself is 101 miles (163 km) long and 984 feet (300 m) wide. It begins at the Mediterranean Sea at Point Said flows through Ismailia in Egypt, and ends at Suez on the Gulf of Suez. It also has a railroad running its entire length parallel to its west bank. The Suez Canal can accommodate ships with a vertical height (draft) of 62 feet (19 m) or 210,000 deadweight tons. Most of the Suez Canal is not wide enough for two ships to pass side by side. To accommodate this, there is one shipping lane and several passing bays where ships can wait for others to pass. The Suez Canal has no locks because Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea's Gulf of Suez have approximately the same water level. It takes around 11 to 16 hours to pass through the canal and ships must travel at a low speed to prevent erosion of the canal's banks by the ships' waves.

Significance of the Suez Canal
In addition to dramatically reducing transit time for trade worldwide, the Suez Canal is one of the world's most significant waterways as it supports 8% of the world's shipping traffic and almost 50 ships pass through the canal daily. Because of its narrow width, the canal is also considered a significant geographic chokepoint as it could easily be blocked and disrupt this flow of trade. Future plans for the Suez Canal include a project to widen and deepen the canal to accommodate the passage of larger and more ships at one time. To read more about the Suez Canal visit the Suez Canal Authority official website.

=International Business Work Sheet By: Ledoux.M= =Chapter 1The scope of international business=

1.Why is it important to work in the global environment
As cultural anthropologist Margaret Mead put it, “we won’t have a society if we destroy the environment.” The global environment’s impact on the economic, political, and social welfare of humankind is immense. On this basis, I am in full compliance with the assertion that the global environment will be the forerunning issue of the 21st century.

What is the impact of international business
Every day we hear it on the news, read it in the papers, overhear people talking about it… and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a different meaning. So, what is globalization? What are its main drivers? Why and how does globalization impact international business? What’s the future of international business? This paper, through conceptualizing the significance of globalization for international business and explore core concepts of the international business environment,

2.What does national growth depend on.
–two–year delay. This is some proof that the innovation activity followed the cyclical development of the national economy. Innovation performance was demand–driven, i.e., pulled by demand resulting from the economy's recovery and high economic growth. So, technological innovation appeared to be highly sensitive to the general economic situation in Poland as a transitional economy

3.How does international business affect local levels?
It depends on whether the nation is more of a exporter or importer. But all economists will tell you that trade is beneficial either way. If the local economy is an exporter that means the cost of domestically producing a good like chocolate is lower than the international price and this is good for producers of chocolate in the local economy but bad for consumers because they now have to pay a higher price than if there were no international trade. If you think about it you can figure out what happens if the local economy is an importer. Heres a hint: Its the opposite but the economy still benefits

4.Include time zone world map image
=chapter 2 cultural and social influences=

1.Explain how culture affects international business
You need to learn about the culture, their likes and dislikes, and religions. If the business doesn't go along with the culture, then they aren't going to accept the business.

2.describe the elements of cultures.
Culture is beliefs, customs, and attitudes of a group of people.

3.describe the elements of subcultures and how cultural literacy can be improved.
"The common elements of a subculture include: 1 relatively unique values and norms, 2 a special slang not shared with society, 3 separate channels of communication, 4 unique styles and fads, 5 a sense of primary group belonging seen in the use of 'us' and 'them', 6 hierarchy of social patterns that clarify the criteria for prestige and leadership, 7 receptivity to the charisma of leaders and 8 gratification of special unmet needs." reffine.com

4.what ways can help people overcome stereotyping and cultural bias?
Communicate and understand people from another culture. =chapter 3 international communications=

1.explain the basic nature of communication.
Communication is the transmitting, receiving, and processing of information.

2.what are the challenges of commmunicating in a world language?
Pronouncing words right, writing, speaking, listening

3.copy a chart for the major world languages.
See also World Language Map
 * || Rank, || Countries2 || Population3 ||
 * language ||^  || (in millions) ||
 * 1. Chinese, Mandarin || Brunei, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Philippines, Singapore, S. Africa, Taiwan, Thailand || 1120 ||
 * 2. English || Australia, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Cameroon, Canada, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, The Gambia, Ghana, Guyana, India, Ireland, Israel, Lesotho, Liberia, Malaysia, Micronesia, Namibia, Nauru, New Zealand, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, S. Africa, Suriname, Swaziland, Tonga, U.K., U.S., Vanuatu, Zimbabwe, many Caribbean states, Zambia. || 480 ||
 * 3. Spanish || Algeria, Andorra, Argentina, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Rep., Ecuador, El Salvador, Eq. Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Ivory Coast, Madagascar, Mali, Mexico, Morocco, Nicaragua, Niger, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Spain, Togo, Tunisia, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela. || 332 ||  ||
 * 4. Arabic || Egypt, Sudan, ALgeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Lybia, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Jordan, Yemen, UAE, Oman, Iraq, Lebanon || 235 ||
 * 5. Bengali || Bangladesh, India, Singapore || 189 ||
 * 6. Hindi || India, Nepal, Singapore, S. Africa, Uganda || 182 ||
 * 7. Russian || Belarus, China, Estonia, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, Russia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, U.S., Uzbekistan || 180 ||
 * 8. Portuguese || Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, France, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Portugal, São Tomé and Príncipe, Macau || 170 ||
 * 9. Japanese || Japan, Singapore, Taiwan || 125 ||
 * 10. German || Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Czech Rep., Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Paraguay, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Switzerland || 98 ||
 * 11. Chinese, Wu || China || 77.2 ||
 * 12. Javanese || Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore || 75.5 ||
 * 13. Korean || China, Japan, N. Korea, S. Korea, Singapore, Thailand || 75 ||
 * 14. French || Algeria, Andorra, Belgium, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, France, Gabon, Guinea, Haiti, Ivory Coast, Laos, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Monaco, Morocco, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Switzerland, Togo, Tunisia, Vanuatu, Vietnam || 72 ||
 * 15. Turkish || Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Turkey, Uzbekistan || 69 ||
 * 16. Vietnamese || China, Vietnam || 67.7 ||
 * 17. Telugu || India, Singapore || 66.4 ||
 * 18. Chinese, Yue(Cantonese) || Brunei, China, Costa Rica, Indonesia, Malaysia, Panama, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam || 66 ||
 * 19. Marathi || India || 64.8 ||
 * 20. Tamil || India, Malaysia, Mauritius, Singapore, S. Africa, Sri Lanka || 63.1 ||
 * 21. Italian || Croatia, Eritrea, France, Italy, San Marino, Slovenia, Switzerland || 59 ||
 * 22. Urdu || Afghanistan, India, Mauritius, Pakistan, S. Africa, Thailand || 58 ||
 * 23. Chinese, Min Nan || Brunei, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand || 49 ||
 * 24. Chinese, Jinyu || China || 45 ||
 * 25. Gujarati || India, Kenya, Pakistan, Singapore, S. Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe || 44 ||
 * 26. Polish || Czech Rep., Germany, Israel, Poland, Romania, Slovakia || 44 ||
 * 27. Ukrainian || Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine || 41 ||
 * 28. Persian || Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Oman, Qatar, Tajikistan, U A Emirates || 37.3 ||
 * 29. Chinese, Xiang || China || 36 ||
 * 30. Malayalam || India, Singapore || 34 ||
 * 31. Chinese, Hakka || Brunei, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Panama, Singapore, Suriname, Taiwan, Thailand || 34 ||
 * 32. Kannada || India || 33.7 ||
 * 33. Oriya || India || 31 ||
 * 34. Panjabi, Western || India, Pakistan || 30 ||
 * 35. Sunda || Indonesia || 27 ||
 * 35. Panjabi, Eastern || India, Kenya, Singapore || 26 ||
 * 36. Romanian || Hungary, Israel, Moldova, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Ukraine || 26 ||
 * 37. Bhojpuri || India, Mauritius, Nepal || 25 ||
 * 38. Azerbaijani, South || Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey || 24.4 ||
 * 40. Maithili || India, Nepal || 24.3 ||
 * 41. Hausa || Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan, Togo || 24.2 ||
 * 43. Burmese || Bangladesh, Myanmar || 22 ||
 * 44. Serbo-Croatian4 || Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia || 21 ||
 * 45. Chinese, Gan || China || 20.6 ||
 * 46. Awadhi || India, Nepal || 20.5 ||
 * 47. Thai || Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia || 20 ||
 * 48. Dutch || Belgium, France, Netherlands, Suriname || 20 ||
 * 49. Yoruba || Benin, Nigeria || 20 ||
 * 50. Sindhi || Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Singapore || 19.7 ||

4.What language do you think is the most used for business
English

1.how much world' water
As you know, the Earth is a watery place. But just how much water exists on, in, and above our planet? About 70 percent of the Earth's surface is water-covered, and the oceans hold about 96.5 percent of all Earth's water. But water also exists in the air as water vapor, in rivers and lakes, in icecaps and glaciers, in the ground as soil moisture and in aquifers, and even in you and your dog.

2. largest container ports of the world
Shanghai, China

3.largest ports of the world
HONG KONG

4.largest cargo Airports of world
HONG KONG

5.Largest pax (passenger) airport in the world
London Heathrow

=Did You Know= = Assignment # 8 =

Telling Time Globally
There are different was to tell time around the world. In the United States, people use A.M. and P.M. to designate time after midnight and after noon. Many countries, however, use military time, which is the system used by the armed forces. For example, 2:00 P.M. is 14:00 (fourteen hundred), which is 12 noon plus 2 hours, and so forth, all the way to 0:00 for midnight.

Concepts of Time They are talking about time in other countries, like how to make it to work, or do stuff. It describes how many days a week and other countries are so different. Some countries take breaks during work time, but some don't. Some countries only take 15 or 20 minutes for a break. In my country, when people say to come by a party at like 7, then people show up at 9. People in my country don't use A.M. and P.M, they use up to 24 hours. The United States uses the 1 to 12 for morning and 1 to 12 in the evening is P.M. That's why on some watches, it says 5 P.M. but in my country it's like 17:00.

Importing,Exporting = Assignment # 9 =

good and services
Goods need a certificate of origin, identifying where did they make the thing. A good is a tangible item that is made, manufactured ,or grown. Services is when someone is helping you get the stuff you want. A service is an intangible benefit or task provided by a business to its customers. International trade provides more than just physicalgoods.Services are also traded between countries. often a good is sold with a service.

Goods and Services
The U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, through the Department of Commerce, announced today that total July exports of $183.3 billion and imports of $225.3 billion resulted in a goods and services deficit of $42.0 billion, up from $41.9 billion in June, revised. July exports were $1.9 billion less than June exports of $185.2 billion. July imports were $1.8 billion less than June imports of $227.1 billion.

In July, the goods deficit decreased $0.2 billion from June to $57.3 billion, and the services surplus decreased $0.3 billion from June to $15.3 billion. Exports of goods decreased $1.9 billion to $130.8 billion, and imports of goods decreased $2.1 billion to $188.1 billion. Exports of services were virtually unchanged at $52.5 billion, and imports of services increased $0.3 billion to $37.2 billion.

good (Census Basis)
The June to July decrease in exports of goods reflected decreases in industrial supplies and materials ($2.4 billion); automotive vehicles, parts, and engines ($0.6 billion); other goods ($0.6 billion); and consumer goods ($0.4 billion). Increases occurred in foods, feeds, and beverages ($1.8 billion) and capital goods ($0.1 billion).

Services
Exports of services were virtually unchanged from June to July. Increases in royalties and license fees ($0.1 billion), travel ($0.1 billion), and other private services ($0.1 billion), which includes items such as business, professional, and technical services, insurance services, and financial services, were mostly offset by decreases in several categories. The largest decrease was in other transportation ($0.1 billion), which includes freight and port services.

European Union gets 2012 Nobel Peace Prize
= Assignment # 9 = PARIS — The Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded its 2012 peace prize on Friday to the 27-nation European Union, lauding its role over six decades in building peace and reconciliation among enemies who fought Europe’s bloodiest wars, even as the continent wrestles with economic strife that threatens its cohesion and future.

But the award also seemed to illuminate competing visions of Europe as both historical unifier and meddlesome overlord, recalling deep strains within the bloc, primarily between Germany and other European nations over Berlin’s insistence on austerity measures that have brought pain to Europeans in Greece and Spain particularly. Thorbjorn Jagland, the chairman of the panel awarding the prize, said it was a signal focusing on the union’s historical role binding France and Germany together after World War II and its perceived impact in spreading reconciliation and democracy beyond the Iron Curtain that once divided Europe and on to the Balkans. “The stabilizing part played by the E. U. has helped to transform most of Europe from a continent of war to a continent of peace,” he said. José Manuel Barroso, president of the European Commission, said the award proved that the European body was “something very precious.” “It is justified recognition for a unique project that works for the benefit of its citizens and also for the benefit of the world,” he said. “The award today by the Nobel committee shows that, even in these difficult times, the European Union remains an inspiration for countries and people all over the world and that the international community needs a strong European Union.” Norway is not a member of the European Union and Mr. Jagland said some people in his country were not aware of the historical role it had played. “The union and its forerunners have for over six decades contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe,” Mr. Jagland said. “In the interwar years, the Norwegian Nobel Committee made several awards to persons who were seeking reconciliation between Germany and France. Since 1945, that reconciliation has become a reality. The dreadful suffering in World War II demonstrated the need for a new Europe. Over a 70-year period, Germany and France had fought three wars. Today war between Germany and France is unthinkable. This shows how, through well-aimed efforts and by building up mutual confidence, historical enemies can become close partners.” At a news conference, Mr. Jagland was asked whether it had been a terrible year for the European Union. He replied: “We want to focus on what has been achieved in Europe in terms of peace and reconciliation and we want to remind us all what can happen if disintegration starts and if we let extremism and nationalism start growing again in Europe. So this is in a way a message to Europe that we should do everything we can to secure what we have achieved and move forward.” He said the committee had “no ambitions” for the $1.2 million prize to solve the multibillion euro crisis and suggested that the origin of Europe’s current economic woes was the United States. “There are many things to say about the economic crisis — where it originated for instance,” he said. “It started in the United States, and we had to deal with it.” He added: “It started with Lehman Brothers.” In Greece, the powder keg of Europe whose society is fraying under the weight of austerity, the prize generated little warmth. “I think it’s unfair,” said Stavros Polychronopoulos, 60, a retired lawyer, as he stood on Friday in central Syntagma Square, where residue from tear gas fired by police during demonstrations on Tuesday to protest the visit of German Chancellor Angela Merkel still clung to the sidewalks. “The leader of the E.U. is Germany, which is in an economic war with southern Europe,” Mr. Polychronopoulos said. “I consider this war equal to a real war. They don’t help peace.” Three years of austerity imposed by Greece’s foreign lenders — the European Commission, the European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund — in exchange for rescue funding have seen Greece’s overall economy shrink by 25 percent. Unemployment is now at 25 percent, rising to 50 percent for young people.

By IANS, Oslo: The 2012 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded Friday to the European Union (EU) "for over six decades contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe". The Nobel committee said the EU had helped transform Europe "from a continent of war to a continent of peace", BBC reported. The last organisation to be given the award was Medecins Sans Frontieres in 1999. Announcing the award, Nobel committee president Thorbjoern Jagland acknowledged the EU's current financial problems. But he said the committee wanted to concentrate on the body's work over six decades of advancing "peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights". Jagland highlighted the EU's work in sealing the reconciliation between France and Germany in the decades after World War II. He also praised the organisation for incorporating Spain, Portugal and Greece after their authoritarian regimes collapsed in the 1970s. Jagland said the EU's reconciliation work had now moved to Balkan countries, and that Croatia was on the verge of membership. Reacting to the award, EU Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso wrote on Twitter: "It is a great honour for the whole of the EU, all 500 million citizens, to be awarded the 2012 Nobel Peace prize

Albania Receives EU Candidate Status, With Conditions
By RFE/RL October 10, 2012 B RUSSELS -- The European Commission has recommended that Albania receive conditional EU candidate status. "[The European Commission] recommends that [the European Council] should grant Albania the status of candidate country subject to key judicial and public administration reform measures being completed and the parliamentary rules of procedures being revised," EU Enlargement Commissioner Stefan Fuele announced to the European Parliament's Foreign Affairs Committee in Brussels. Member states of the European Union will take a final decision on Albania's candidacy in December, provided the reform measures are enacted. The European Commission also gave a green light for Kosovo to start negotiating a Stabilization and Association Agreement (SAA) with the European Union, even though five member states do not recognize Pristina. "As part of today's enlargement package, [the European Commission] has adopted a communication on a feasibility study for a Stabilization and Association Agreement with Kosovo," Fuele said. "This study confirms that the Stabilization and Association Agreement can be concluded between the European Union and Kosovo in a situation where European Union member states maintain different views on status." The SAA is an instrument aimed to bring future member states closer to the EU and has already been granted to all other countries in the Western Balkans. The European Commission also faulted Bosnia-Herzegovina, an EU candidate country, for not moving forward with reforms. "Regrettably, Bosnia-Herzegovina has made limited progress towards meeting the political criteria and achieving more functional, coordinated, and sustainable institutional structures," Fuele said. "It is disappointing that commitments under the high-level dialogue for the accession process have not been fulfilled or timelines met."0

**What is International Trade?**

** Chapter 4 **
**International trade comsists of all business activities conducted betwwenn individuals,companies,and governments from different countries.** **Importing and Exporting** **Most countries have abundant supplies,or surpluses,of some products and have shortages of others.** **Imports are goods and services that people in one country sell to people in another country.** **Goods and Services** **International trade provides more than jus physical goods.** **A good is a tangible item that is made,manufactured,or grown.** **A service is an intangible benefit or task provided by a business to its customers.** **Often a good is sold with a srvice.** **Importing Process** **As companeis and countries trade with each other, there are several key steps involved.The importing process consists of five stepsccvdfsrfwefwedfdeffaqf** **An individual customer,a company,or a government can have a need.** **A purchase agreement is a contract between the buyer and the seller.** **When goods are shipped,they arrive at a specified place.** **Finally,the importing company confirms the purchase and makes paymaent when it agrees that the terms of the contract have been met.** **Exporting Process** **While exporting processes share many common aspects with importing,there are some differences.ggghghdhgdhhh** **The process of assesing demand for a product has two steps.** **Identify customers and make contacts** **The second crucial step of the exporting process is to identify potential customers and make sales contacts.** **The purchase agreement lists amounts,prices,exchanges rates,methods of shipping,dates,and provisions for damaged or missing goods.** **Most shipping terms are FOB,which means free on board or freight on board, and signifies that the ownership of merchandise in transit determines if freinght charges are free.** **CIF(cost, insurance, and freight) is the price quoted to the buyer,including cost, insurance, and freight.C&F(cost and freight)is the price quoted to the buyer,signifying the buyer pays separately for insurance.** **The seller must arrange totransport goods every step of the way to the buyer's location.** **The transaction is completed when the buyer and seller agree all terms are met and payment is made.** **Understanding Trade Relationships** **Exporting offers a variety of opportunities for individual companies that open new markets.** **Companies import goods and services when the company has an unmet need or finds an opportunity in a product from another country.** **Acountry will import goods and services when there are unfulfilled needs.** **A counry's leadership wil encourage exporting for severval reasons.** **Direct Exporting** **A key benefit of direct exporting is control.** **The primary cost or shared cost of direct exporting is shipping.** **Indirect Exporting** **The primary benefits of indirect expoting are volume and simplicity.** **The major disadvantage of indirect exporting is that a company has less control over the export process.** **Exporting and Risk** **Economic risk results from the possibility that downturns in economic conditions can affect business locally,nationally,or globally.** **Product risk results from the fact that some products are more sisky to sell than others.** **Country risk is the possibility that an investmant will be lost due to polocal changes in a country.** **Dependency is the practice of relying too much on one trding paner.** **The Role of Trade Balances** **The difference between how much a country imports and how much it exports is its balance of trade.** **To increase exports,governments amy become involved in subsidy programs or pro motional programs for products or companies.** **Trade barriers are restrictions that reduce free trade and limit competiton from imported goods.Four types of trade barriers include** **Trade barriers are part of a program called protectionism,which is a systm of imposing extra costs on imports to protect the interests of local businesses.**

**International trade agreements**
**odern stretegic trade alliances began to form following world war II in the 1940s.** **Economic Integration** **Economic Integration is the practice of removing trade barriers and establishing cooperation to connect business and bussinesspeople across national borders.** **Globalization with globalization, many companies today have operations in a variety of nations.** **Formation of Allliances ,Major political alliances formed formed after World war II, cmbined with increased economic integration and globalization, contributed to several strategic trade allliances.** **The general Agreement on Tariffs and trade (GATT)** **The general agreement on tariffs and trade(GATT) was one of teh first agreements reached between a group of mostly western allies after World War II.** **World Trade Organization (WTO)** **Founded in 1995, the World nTrade Organization grew from GATT memebers' goal to accomplish several lofty goals.** **European Union(EU)** **Over the years,countries in various regions of the world have entered into treaties and arrangement to facilitate free trade and other fors of economic cooperation.** North American Free Trde Agreement (NAFTA) The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was the first free trade agreement that combined industrialized countries, the United States and Canada, with a developing nation, Mexico.

=Bribery, Gift, and Grease Payment= = **Assignment # 10** = A gift is a present given to someone for his birthday or when he does something good. A bribe is when you give money to another person to do things that other people don't know. A grease payment is a bribe or extorted money, usually relatively small in amount, provided to a low-level government official or business person, in order to expedite How it affects business is that you can bribe another company or give a gift to them, or give them stuff to do the stuff.

no one knows better than companies operating internationally that bribery is bad for business. These companies report that corruption introduces uncertainty into commercial transactions, fosters a permissive atmosphere for other business crimes, undermines employee confidence in management and puts a company’s value and reputation at risk.

In preparing this guidebook, TRACE interviewed almost 100 companies engaged in international business to learn how they have stopped paying small bribes to government officials. Many of the companies interviewed have found that it is possible — occasionally even easy — to refuse to participate in bribery schemes.

Now many of these companies are taking steps to eliminate "facilitation payments" from their business practices as well. These small bribes, also called "grease payments", permitted under the laws of some countries, are made to government officials to encourage them to perform or expedite routine governmental tasks. The definition of such tasks, however, is often unclear and stretched to the breaking point.

While people from some cultures accept //gifts// from visitors during the initial **...** //gifts// as bribes, and this can negatively //affect// the business relationship. //International business// partners should also avoid presenting Brazilian **...** Behaving in a confrontational or overly persuasive manner in a business meeting //will// likely not result **...**

**Page 26** **12.** **a. I would have problems like seeing how the proposal will impact the business. I would see the problem and to see how the moneys exchanged would impact the company. I would also check his background and I think if the person is a good person, I might let the bribery take place. But if his business is bad business, I would say no. Before all of this I would check everything about him to help make my decision.**

**b.** When money, goods, services, information or anything else of value is offered with intent to influence the actions, opinions, or decisions of the taker. You may be charged with bribery whether you offer the bribe or accept it.

On your Current Events Page = **Assignment # 10** =

Find out information on the following:
International Education **Week** is an opportunity to celebrate the benefits of international education and exchange worldwide. by the U.S. Department of State by the U.S It is about students who study abroad and how students can work and study here and study in another country. You can even go online and get like filling in an application and getting a passport to go to another country to study.
 * What is IE Week about
 * Where is it taking place
 * Who sponsors it
 * write a brief summary of IE include a picture

= **Assignment #** 10=

Tea ceremony
The way she was making tea was special and she didn't do it like other persons do, she made it like a method. That's better than putting water and tea inside. It's more fun to do how the people do it. The way she put it on the table and was dressed you can tell she was part of Asia, like Japan, Vietnam, or China. What is the difference between the regular tea and how she did it, it is going to taste different than if you put the tea in water.

TRADITIONAL CHINESE DRESS - what- They show different kind of clothes they wear. They have clothes for teenagers, boys, girls, parents, and totally different from a nother country. why- They make that unique. who- Han Fu when- 2009 where-China

= **Assignment #** 10= 1. [|Take the Continent IQ Quiz] Question #1 of 15: Which continent includes the Balkan Peninsula, which juts into the Mediterranean Sea? A.Europe
 * International EDONCATION WEEK 2012**
 * Continent IQ Quiz**


 * Question #2 of 15: Shintoism and Sikhism are religions founded on which**
 * continent?** B.ASIA


 * Question #3 of 15: Casablanca and Tripoli are historic cities on the**
 * northern coast of which continent?** B.Africa


 * Question #4 of 15: The majority of the world’s proven oil reserves are**
 * found near the Persian Gulf in the southwestern part of which continent?**
 * ASIA**
 * Question #5 of 15: The Weddell Sea and the Ross Sea border which**
 * continent?** B.Antarctica


 * Question #6 of 15: The Guiana Highlands and the Pantanal region can be**
 * found on which continent?** South America


 * Question #7 of 15: Peanuts are produced in the Kano region, which is**

**located in the Sahel on which continent? Africa**

 * Question #8 of 15: Veracruz and Acapulco are popular vacation**
 * destinations on which continent? north America**
 * Question #9 of 15: On which continent did political leaders meet for the**
 * Congress of Vienna from 1814 through 1815? Europe**
 * Question #10 of 15: The Labrador Peninsula, which borders the Hudson Bay**
 * and Labrador Sea, is located on which continent? North america**
 * Question #11 of 15: About 90 percent of the world’s ice can be found on**
 * which continent? Antarctica**
 * Question #12 of 15: The Great Dividing Range runs along the eastern**
 * coast of which continent?**
 * || ===a. Australia=== ||
 * || b. North America ||
 * || c. Europe ||
 * Question #13 of 15: Which continent has the most speakers of Celtic languages, such as Welsh and Gaelic?**
 * || ===a. Europe=== ||
 * || b. North America ||
 * || c. Asia ||
 * Question #14 of 15: The Maya civilization, which flourished between A.D. 250 and 850, was located on which continent?**
 * || a. Australia ||
 * || ===b. North America=== ||
 * || c. South America ||

2. [|Take the Cultural Geography IQ Quiz] Question #1 of 15: Bengali is the official language of a densely populated Asian country in which over 70 percent of the population lives in rural areas. Name this country. Question #2 of 15: Monte Alban [MON-tay ahl-BAHN], once a center of Zapotec culture, is located in Oaxaca [wuh-HA-kuh], one of the southernmost states in what country?
 * Question #15 of 15: Antarctica and which other continent lie entirely in the Southern Hemisphere?**
 * || a. South America ||
 * || b. Africa ||
 * || ===c. Australia=== ||
 * a. Bangladesh**
 * || a. Venezuela ||
 * || ===b. Mexico=== ||
 * || c. Peru ||
 * Question #3 of 15: Although Arabic is the official language, French is often used for economic activities in a country dominated by the Atlas Mountains. Name this country.**
 * || a. Egypt ||
 * || ===b. Morocco=== ||
 * || c. Jordan ||
 * Question #4 of 15: There are more than 150 ethnic groups living within the borders of a large country that borders both the Pacific and Arctic Oceans, but not the Atlantic. Name this country.**
 * || a. India ||
 * || b. Sweden ||
 * || ===c. Russia=== ||
 * Question #5 of 15: More than 75 percent of the population practices both Shinto and Buddhist traditions in what Asian country where trains are a common form of long-distance travel?**
 * || a. Pakistan ||
 * || ===b. Japan=== ||
 * || c. India ||
 * Question #6 of 15: Puerto Limón is the center of Afro-Caribbean culture in a Central American country that has not had a standing army since 1948. Name this country.**
 * || a. Haiti ||
 * || b. Puerto Rico ||
 * || ===c. Costa Rica=== ||
 * Question #7 of 15: What northern African country, known for historic Roman cities on the Mediterranean Sea, has benefitted economically from the discovery of oil deposits in the 1950s?**
 * || a. Chad ||
 * || b. Niger ||
 * || ===c. Libya=== ||
 * Question #8 of 15: Le Havre, a port city in Normandy, was heavily bombed during World War II, but was rebuilt and named a World Heritage Site in 2005. In which country is this city located?**
 * || ===a. France=== ||
 * || b. Belgium ||
 * || c. Switzerland ||
 * Question #9 of 15: Danzon, a dance incorporating both European and African music traditions, is an important dance in what island country located northwest of Hispaniola?**
 * || a. Dominican Republic ||
 * || ===b. Cuba=== ||
 * || c. Haiti ||
 * Question #10 of 15: A marae [muh-RAY] is a sacred meeting space for the Maori people of which country, where the majority of the population lives on the North Island?**
 * || a. Australia ||
 * || b. Indonesia ||
 * || ===c. New Zealand=== ||
 * Question #11 of 15: The Sultan Mosque, originally built in 1826 by the East India Company, is located on what small island country at the south end of the Malay Peninsula?**

**a. Singapore**

 * Question #12 of 15: After more than 150 years of losing population, what European country northwest of St. George’s Channel has had a population increase because of its strong economy?**
 * || ===a. Ireland=== ||
 * || b. Scotland ||
 * || c. Germany ||
 * Question #13 of 15: Desmond Tutu spoke out against apartheid and separatist policies in what African country that held open elections for the first time in 1994?**
 * || ===a. South Africa=== ||
 * || b. Ghana ||
 * || c. Kenya ||
 * Question #14 of 15: In 2006, a Southeast Asian country made up of more than 17,000 islands, including the island of Bali, changed its laws to erase the legal difference between native and nonnative residents. Name this country**

**b. Indonesia.**
3. [|Take the Physical & Cultural Geography IQ Quiz] Question #1 of 15: Which country does not have substantial capacity for generating hydroelectric energy? Question #2 of 15: Which country does not border Paraguay?
 * Question #15 of 15: What country, located on the Anatolian Peninsula, has a secular government and more than 90 percent of the population is Muslim?**
 * || a. Syria ||
 * || b. Jordan ||
 * || ===c. Turkey=== ||
 * || **a. China** ||
 * || ===**b. United Kingdom**=== ||
 * || **c. Brazil** ||
 * || ===a. Chile=== ||
 * || b. Argentina ||
 * || c. Brazil ||
 * Question #3 of 15: Which country’s currency is not called the dollar?**
 * || a. El Salvador ||
 * || b. Australia ||
 * || ===c. Malaysia=== ||
 * Question #4 of 15: Which island is not an overseas territory of France?**

**a. Bermuda**

 * Question #5 of 15: Which city is not a major financial center?**
 * || a. Hong Kong ||
 * || b. London ||
 * || ===c. Venice=== ||
 * Question #6 of 15: On which continent would you not find bears in the wild?**
 * || a. Europe ||
 * || ===b. Africa=== ||
 * || c. Asia ||
 * Question #7 of 15: The Niger River does not flow through which country?**
 * || a. Nigeria ||
 * || ===b. Algeria=== ||
 * || c. Mali ||
 * Question #8 of 15: Which country does not have French as an official language?**
 * || a. Canada ||
 * || ===b. Nicaragua=== ||
 * || c. Haiti ||
 * Question #9 of 15: Penguins are not indigenous to which continent?**
 * || ===a. Asia=== ||
 * || b. South America ||
 * || c. Antarctica ||
 * Question #10 of 15: The Danube River does not flow through which country?**
 * || ===a. Poland=== ||
 * || b. Romania ||
 * || c. Hungary ||
 * Question #11 of 15: Which country is not a major producer of beef?**
 * || a. Argentina ||
 * || ===b. Ecuador=== ||
 * || c. Canada ||
 * Question #12 of 15: Which country is not a major exporter of petroleum?**
 * || a. Russia ||
 * || b. Nigeria ||
 * || ===c. Mozambique=== ||
 * Question #13 of 15: Which sea is not adjacent to the African coastline?**
 * || a. the Red Sea ||
 * || b. the Mediterranean Sea ||
 * || ===c. the Andaman Sea=== ||
 * Question #14 of 15: The historic Silk Road does not run through which country?**
 * || a. Afghanistan ||
 * || ===b. Bhutan=== ||
 * || c. Turkmenistan ||
 * Question #15 of 15: Which country’s population does not include a large percentage of Hindus?**

c. Cambodia
= **Assignment #11** =

The U.S. Department of Commerce


The u.s.Department of Commerce makes job, economic growth,and improved living for all American and woaks with businesses, universities,communities and workers. They touch lives of American in many ways,withresponsibilities in trade, economic development, technology, entrepreneurship and business development, environmental stewardship, and statistical research and analysis.

International Trade Administrtion
the international trade administration (ita) strengthens trade and enforcestrade laws and agreements. ITA organization grows business.ITA supports president Obama 's recovery and sustaining economic growth and support american jobs..ITA is organized into four distinct but complementary business units: 1.U.S. and Foreign commercial service - Promotes U.S.exports, particularly by small and medium-sized enterprises, and provides commercial diplomacy support for U.S. business interests around the world. 2.Manufacturing and Services - Strngthens U.S. competitiveness abroad by helping shape industry-specific trade policy. 3.Market Access and Compilance - Assists U.S. Companies and helps create trade opportunities through the removal of market access barriers. 4.Import Administration - Enforces U.S. trade laws and agreemets to prevent unfairly traded imports and to safeguard the competitive strength of U.S. businesses.

**Write a summary about five (5) Organizations that assist International Trade (include their emblem)**
The Iraq and Afgahnistan Investment and Reconstruction Programs want to provide and help them to improve their stuff. They want to do business with the countries. The Safe Harbor Program wants to protect the country's privacy, like in Switzerland. StopFakes Program wants to protect the businesses from bad stuff that is fake. Good Governance wants to strengthen the United States to be more competitive.

= Assignment # 13 =

Types of governments - anation's form of government has a major impact on business.
Democratic govenments - A democracy is a government system in which the nation's citizens hold political power. Totalitarian governments - Totalitarianism is a type of government system in which citizens have no influence on the government's policies and laws. Theocracy - a theocracy is a type of totalitarian government whose leaders claim to be inspired by divine guidance. isolationism - isolationism is a foreign policy that combines an avoidance of political and military alliances with a policy of economic nationalism or protectionism. Conservative or liberal attitudes - a government's position has an impact on international business. Conservative Attitudes - A conservative attitude favors limits on government activities and promotes private ownership and business domestically and internationally. Liberal Attitudes - A liberal position favors more government involvement in business. Economic Policies and Practices - just as a nation's system of government shapes its political environment, International Taxes - Tax policies influence how people and businesses invest money. Income tax - An annual taxon an individual's or a corporation's net profit is an income tax. Sales Tax - A sales tax is tax on the sale of a product. Excise Tax - excise tax is levied on specific goods and services. Payroll Tax - A payroll tax is a tax that employers are required to withhold from employees' paychecks. Value-added tax - A value-added tax, or VAT, is a sales tax paid on the increased value of a good. Trade Barriers - National leaders create policies to discourage international trade for many reasons. Duties - Taxes on goods that cross national boundaries are called duties. Other Trade Barriers - Other trade barriers include tariffs (or an import tax),quotas,embargoes,licensing requirements,and exchange rate controls,discussed in the preceding chapter. Free Trade - Trade policies serve several purposes. Free Trade Zone - to spur trade, many countries have free trade zones. Free Trade Agreement - a free trade agreement is a treaty between countries in which the countries agree to not charge taxes, duties or tariffs on goods that they trade. Double Taxation Relief - Double taxation occurs when a multinational company incurs taxes in both the home and other country. Trade Sanctions - A trade sanction is the use of a tariff, boycott,or embargo to make a political statement. Expropriation - Expropriation is the act of taking control and ownership of a foreign-owned company or operation. Economic Nationalism - Economic nationalism is one facet of isolationism. Political Turbulence - political turbulence is the generic name for types of disruption such as protests, strikes, and other social disorder. War - Both civil war and war with other countries can devastate an economy. Common Law - Common law is a set of laws based on local customs, traditions, and precedent. Precedent - a precedent is something that precedes, or has come before. Civil Law is a set of codes based based on broad legal principles. Theocratic Law is set of laws based on religious teachings. Liability is legal responsibility for the financial cost of another person's losses or injuries. Labor laws may vary significantly from country to country. Costs of Labor Laws - some times companies in the United States and other countries with strict labor laws face cost disadvantages. Intellectual Property Laws - Intellectual property is an original work fixed in a tangible medium of expression that can be copyrighted, patented, or trademarked. Copyright - A copyright is a legal protection of a creator's intellectual property or product. Trademark - A trademark is a device that legally identifies ownership of a registered brand or name. Patent - A patent gives an inventor exclusive rights to manufacture, sell, or use an invention which can be a new physical product or something that improves an existing product. Licensing Requirements as Trade Barriers - in the United States, many furniture distributors have become concerned about the volume of furniture being imported from China Litigation is a legal process used to resolve a dispute through the court system. Mediation is a process of intervention between conflicting parties that promotes resolution of their conflict outside the court system. Arbitration is process to resolve disputes in which each side presents its case to an independent individual, the arbitrator, who makes decisions that are binding. Contacts and Avoiding Disputes - Working within various legal systems is challenging.

Afghan Women: Plight and Progress - I think the problem is the girl got beat up because she wanted to run away. I don't think it is good to beat up girls. I know in my country, they used to do that but over time, it improved for girls. Now, they can finish school and go to college, but the problem is in some small villages, they still beat up girls. I think the presideent of my country does not really know that is happening in the small village. The president sees what happens in cities. The Afghanistani girl, named Aisha, had her husband cut her ears and nose. Then I think that was like a crime in some countries and people can go to jail for life. This happened in 2009. I think the girl came to the U.S. in 2010 and had surgery for her nose and ears. Her ears were not stable yet as of 2010. I think girls in Afghanistan and the world started speaking more in the world to tell girls to stop hiding, like go to the olympics or the military. I think in two more years, girls will be equal with boys in Afghanistan.

Watch the following video's and read the articles about Plight of Women in many courntries then write a summary what your saw/read. Remember the 5 W's of writing, and cite your work. Who- AIsha What- The girl ran away from her husband. She was punished. Why- The husband was abusing her. Where- Afghanistan When- 2009-2012 Afghan Girl sprayed with Acid Who- speye What- steve he was the photographer. Why- he saw something in her eyes,that she was special. Where- u.s. When- long time ago in 19 something Girl with the eyes famos Time Cover Who- allen beb What- when they found her,she lied that it wasn't her.The photograpbc was saying it was the same person. Why- maybe someone criticized her, so she said nothing. Where- Afghanistan When- 2010

=** Assignment # 14 **=

Ethics - Whistle blowers this is about person talking about another person. If makes the company do a good job.When the company does something to protect the business, the corrruption stops.
===Cultural Corner - In the monarchy, kings and gueens had control of the state and the military.At that time, if queen Elizabeth i liked something,the n in might be popular.The navigation Act blocked other countnes. Because of the the Navigation acts, the bntish started selling their own dishes.Mecting and greeting needs to include your name, skaking hands, and use last names.===

=** Assignment # 15 __Chpt. 6__ **=


 * ===Add Tech Trends Internet access is unavailable.Resources of information and services on the web are rare to people in disadvantaged areas of the world.organizations are moving to take the web everywhere.announced a plan to bring the internet to people living in rural India.As banking,financial,insurance services.===
 * ===Ethics -- Developing Nations World Bank provides $20 billion each year for international development.Resources and knowledge of more developed countries to help less developed ones improve.The United Stares is the largest contributor to the world bank.Foreign aid comes from crporate and individidual taxpayers.workers indirectly contribute to internafion development.Transform a country from underdeveloped to industrialized.===
 * ===Cultural Corner Tanzania is a country of geographic extemes.It includes the highest peak, mount beaches in the world.Its largest city and seaport the coast of the Indian ocean. Most workers are employed in agriculture.Ecotourism is an industry promoting travel that aims to preserve the natural world and sustain the human cultures that inhabit it.===
 * ===International Careers conomists study how society chooses to use resources. conduct research and analyze data in order to predict economic trends.also work in economic consulting or research firms.===

__Career Preparation by: Ledoux Musasa__
===1 I want to work in France for a sports video game company called EA Sports. They sponsor different sports including shooting games, and every sport or activity having to do with sports. Whenever a customer wants to buy a game, the logo EA is the corner on the package.===

2.I already speak French, so I would need to learn the culture, their economy, and to know their food, climate, and adjust to the surroundings. I need to make friends.
3. The languages French and English are spoken, but mostly French. There are classes to learn French available. They love music, and arts, and hold festivals. French cuisine includes escargot, roquefort cheese, and foie gras. France's history is long because they went to war in the French and Indian War. They also fought in the United States Revolutionary War. Before they fought in the wars, they suffered from the Black Death, or plague. There were also leaders like kings and Napoleon, a dictator. The French went to war on the ally side against the Nazis. Nowadays, they have a new president. France's economic conditions are bad, they are going down. But the value of the euro is less because the Canadian dollar is worth more than the Euro. France is the fifth biggest economy, which means it is successful. They compete in the market for all business types. It is one of the best business countries, and it is easy to export things there. Landmarks or cites in France are very valuable in the country, for example the Eiffel Tower, the Chateau Chambord, and Arc de Triomphe. In France, it is less expensive than the United Kingdom to live. A one bedroom/one bathroom apartment in Paris might cost $1900 to rent. A house may cost between 1000 and 3500 Euros to rent.
 * ==France Local Time Details== ||
 * ==Time Zone Abbreviations== || Central European Time - is abbreviated as CET Central European Summer Time - is abbreviated as CEST ||
 * ==UTC - GMT Offset== || France is GMT/UTC + 1h during Standard Time France is GMT/UTC + 2h during Daylight Saving Time ||
 * ==Daylight Saving Time Usage== || France does utilize Daylight Saving Time. In Europe daylight saving time is often referred to as "Summer Time." ||
 * ==Daylight Saving Start Date== || France started Daylight Saving Time on Sunday March 25, 2012 at 2:00 AM local time. ||
 * ==Daylight Saving End Date== || France ended Daylight Saving Time on Sunday October 28, 2012 at 3:00 AM local time. ||

.
 * EA Sports** is a brand of Electronic Arts that creates and develops sports video games. Formerly a marketing gimmick of Electronic Arts, in which they tried to mimic real-life sports networks by calling themselves "EA Sports Network" (EASN) with pictures or endorsements of real commentators such as John Madden, it soon grew up to become a sub-label on its own, releasing game series such as //NBA Live//, //FIFA//, //NHL//, //Madden NFL//, and //NASCAR//

Business Week on-Line
Remember this old chestnut? If you were to lay all of America's lawyers end-to-end on the equator...it would be best to leave them there. Well, it now appears that Japan might have room for them instead. After decades of enjoying one of the world's smallest concentrations of attorneys, the country is embarking on a program to mint thousands of new ones every year. For much of the postwar era, Japan didn't feel it needed many lawyers. That worked in a consensus-driven society bent on economic growth. Court battles in Japan were always a last resort and considered very bad form. __**Today,** **with patent disputes and cross-border mergers on the rise, the nation is discovering that legal sharpies actually come in handy when settling disagreements.**__ But __**with just 22,000 licensed attorneys, compared with more than a million in the U.S., "it's extremely difficult to get talented lawyers [in Japan],"**__ says Stephen Bohrer, an American who heads cross-border transactions at Nishimura & Partners, a big Tokyo law firm. __**Japan's legal community finally seems to be getting serious about easing the shortage**__. I__**n 2004 the government for the first time allowed universities to begin offering graduate programs in law.**__ Since then 74 new law schools have opened their doors, with the first graduating classes -- some 3,000 students -- to hit the streets this spring. __**Prior to the shift, Japan's sole graduate-level legal program was a two-year course of study sponsored by the Supreme Court -- but it was only offered to those who managed to pass the bar exam first.**__ And only 1,000 to 1,500, or about 3% of those who sit for the test, were allowed to pass annually. That meant most candidates took the bar exam at least five times before they passed -- or gave up. Tokyo is doing its best to make the new schools attractive. This year the bar results will be weighted so that about a third of grads pass, leaving just 500 spots for the 40,000 or so exam takers who didn't attend one of the new programs. By 2010 the government plans to double the number of test takers allowed to pass the exam, to about 3,000, with most of the increase going to grads of the new schools. "Law school has expanded my possibilities," says 30-year-old Yoko Mukai, who signed up for a $15,000, two-year course at the University of Tokyo School of Law after failing the bar several times in the past.MERGER MAVENS What will Japan do with all its new lawyers? __**Given that the economy is growing at its fastest clip in years, demand for savvy merger attorneys is surging. And Japanese companies are turning to the legal system to settle disputes that once might have been worked out in back rooms.**__ In 2004, for example, Sumitomo Trust & Banking and Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group faced off in court after UFJ Holdings pulled out of a planned deal with Sumitomo and merged with MTFG instead. "In the past [such a court battle] would never have happened," says Masatomo Suzuki, a partner in Tokyo with Cleveland-based law firm Jones Day. With so many new schools starting all at once, growing pains are inevitable. __**One concern is finding enough qualified professors. And some fret that it might not be fair to give law school grads a leg up on the bar exam.**__ "Everyone is watching closely to see what kind of people they'll churn out," says Robin Doenicke, a partner at Zensho Consulting Group, a legal search firm in Tokyo. Despite the changes, it's unlikely Japan will ever fully embrace the kind of legal conflict common in the U.S. Litigation is messy and flies in the face of Japan's cultural preference for harmony. But a more sophisticated, and contentious, legal system may be just what the country needs in order to keep its economic overhaul on track. And that means tolerating unseemly courtroom brawls that once might have shocked. By Ian Rowley and Kenji Hall

Why: Some people said Japan needed lawyers to understand and to catch up with other countries to grow their business.

=** Assignment # 16 Chpt. 6 Homework due Nov 27, 2012 **= =** Page 135 Think Globally: **= The geography of Kenya has affected the coffee growth because it is grown in rich volcanic soil of the Batian Farm.

Kenya coffee plautaliem
Rash id Moledina has been a trusted and respected name in global coffee trading circles for more than three-quarters of a century. As one of the pioneering companies that has aggressively promoted Kenya's coffee abroad, Rashid Moledina continues to maintain a strong affection for coffee. Today, it is considered Kenya's premier exporter of the worlds finest gourmet coffees - Kenya AA FAQ PLUS being the flag-bearer

** Quick Check 6.2 pg 146 Answer questions 1-4 **
Location near bodies of water is oneof the most important geographic advantages for international trade.Naar harbors and seaports offer easier access for losding and unloading shipments. Other large cities are located along major trade routes, via water or land. These major cities are also important transportation centers. Good transportation systems make it easier to import and export goods overseas. Time zones you need to know the time to call because someohe might be sleeping.Scheduling in addition to considering the time zones invoved, you should conduct business within the parameters of normal business hours. including rivers, lakes, oceans,peninsulas, harbors, and inner-coastal waterways.Bodies of water are a crucial resource for a country's economic standing. Atlantic ocean
 * 1.What four major geographic features have an impact on international trae? **
 * geographic features **
 * 1.Topography **
 * 2.Deserts and tropical forests **
 * 3.Bodies of water **
 * 4.Climate **
 * 2.How des geographic location affect international trade? **
 * 3.How does time affect doing business with companie in othe countries? **
 * 4.List six types of bodies of water and give an example of each one. **

Rio DE la plata (river) Waddenzee (bay) panama conal intercustal lake tanganeka cape town, south africa

Chapter 6 Outline Economic geographic influences
Old folk just call that sock coffee or foot-bagging around here. In old times you'd take what was left of an old sock or rag, wash the hell out of it, throw a few spoonfuls in the cloth and tie a knot in it. You'd take an old horse bit (common in the old days, not so much now) and use that as the ring and pour through that using a stick or the butt of a rod or whip. You'd have a dozen or so of them you'd take hunting or trapping. Moka Pot is the way to go now for brewing if you ask me. I gotta say the coats rican way of making a cup of coffee is the most logical and make sense than those french and Italian pressure..I don't want my coffee to be made like a mad lab experiment
 * Economics is the study of how a society chooses to use resources to produce and distribute goods and services for people's consumption.
 * Types of Economic Systems - market systems - command economies - Mixed economies
 * A market economy is an economic system in which economic decisions are made in the marketplace.
 * Supply - one force that drives purchases by consumers and businesses is supply, which is the amount of goods and services that producers provide at various prices.
 * Demand - The other force that drives purchases is demand, which is the amount or quantity of goods and and services that consumers are willing to buy at various prices.
 * Profit - The driving force of the market economy is profit.
 * Other Forces in addition to profit, two other forces drive market economies:
 * 1) private property rights
 * 2) Relatively free and competitive marketplaces
 * A Command economy, or planned economy, is an economic system in which a central authority makes all key economy, decisions.
 * Strong command Economies in a strong command economy, there is heavy governmental control.
 * Moderate command Economies in moderate command economies, the state owns all of the major resoures, but there is some private enterprise.
 * Natural resources
 * 1) renewable
 * 2) nonrenewable
 * Human resources
 * 1) Skilled
 * 2) Unskilled Labor refers to laborers and workesrs who have less education and fewer skills that require training.
 * 3) Physical Labor Jobs that require physical labor often require unskilled and semi-skilled workers to perform tasks.
 * 4) Mental labor jobs that require special knowledge, negotiation skills, and creativity utilize mental labor.
 * Capital Resources companies use capital resources to produce goods and services.
 * Entrepreneurial Resources A crucial source of capital is entrepreneurial resources, or funds that help start new compares.
 * Infrastructure One component of a country's capital resources is its infrastructure.
 * stages of Economic Development
 * Underdeveloped Economies
 * Developing
 * Industrialized
 * Post-industrial
 * ==how coffee is made==


 * 1) ==What I saw in Australia is the place offers a lot of water.Boats are used like bases.I think it showed a good community.==

is America Number one?
====-This i bogus. The reason Ind is poor and China is rich, is due to the complete instability it was left in when the nation gained its independence. Hong Kong, on the other hand,was under English control, and became the golden door to China for western economies. It has little to do with policy... huge bureaucracy is usually implemented to stop new business from starting, to keep any potential competition away from the mega corporations already established. That's what happens in the U.S====

-The Bill of Rights and the Constitution protects us from Bad Government, like we have now.

-Make min wage 15.00 hour most jobs far the eye can see is min wage and part time treat the in come tax like it 8.00 yr this will help debt clock look at the world debt clock, lower gold cost in country that are high make silver higher

-overpopulation can contribute t poverty. Oh and Canadas life expectancy is higher than the US

-You missed his point of contention despite everything it is mostly that "Liberty Delivers".

-Unemployment is up (beyond even Obama's prediction of what would happen without a stimulus), investment has not reached pre-crisis levels, the deficit is over a trillion dollars, the federal government's budget is approaching four trillion dollars, average income is down, healthcare is more expensive and gas prices are up. How are Americans better off?

-I love USA I'm a proud American I say it is great and one no matter wat crimes or bad things go on it will always be USA one day USA be reducing crimes

-and then people voted for Hussain Obama and it is worse -open to imigration what a wonderful idea; Fill up th country with cheap labourers who bring their islam with them

Where it is dangerous to be a Christian ? Egypt, Saudi Arabia, North Korea, China, Laos, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Iraq, Yemen, Maldives, Somalia, Kenya, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Iran, Sudan, New Falluja, Vietnam, Cambodia, Morocco, Nigeria, Eritrea, India, Indonesia, and Tanzania. It did not start with the film, Christians are being murdered all over the world, The United Nations and our government just ignore it. Vote all our politicians in office and Obama out.

Welcome to the official website of the Office of His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama. His Holiness is the spiritual leader of the Tibetan people. He frequently states that his life is guided by three major commitments: the promotion of basic human values or secular ethics in the interest of human happiness, the fostering of inter-religious harmony and the welfare of the Tibetan people, focusing on the survival of their identity, culture and religion. Explore here how His Holiness fulfils these commitments through his various activities his public talks, widespread international visits and publications.To follow His Holiness on popular social networks please click on the links below:

who:dalai lama what:The 14th Dalai Lama addressed a crowd of hundreds in Medford this afternoon, speaking on what he called his three major commitments — promoting inner peace, religious harmony and democracy. wher:medforod why:because his promise in 2003 his going to bnck one day and he came is 2012 for 3 days. when:october 16 tuesday 2012 **Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama**

The 14th Dalai Lama is the 14th and current Dalai Lama, as well as the longest lived incumbent. Dalai Lamas are the head monks of the Gelugpa lineage of Tibetan Buddhism. Full name : Lhamo Dondrub Books : The Art of Happiness, How to See Yourself As You Really Are Siblings : Thubten Jigme Norbu, Jetsun Pema, Takser Rinpoche, Tsering Dolma Awards : Nobel Peace Prize Parents : Diki Tsering, Choekyong Tsering || Latest post on Google+ Dalai Lama – 11 hours ago – There will be live webcasts of discussions with His Holiness the Dalai Lama from New York City, NY, USA, and London, England, on October 20th and 23rd, 2012
 * Born : July 6, 1935 (age 77), Taktse

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston
The Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, as part of the Federal Reserve System, promotes price stability and sustainable growth in New England and the nation. In support of this function, the Bank’s economists advise Federal Reserve decision-makers on monetary policy and financial markets. They conduct innovative research to further our understanding of monetary policy, the national and regional economy, markets, and supervisory policy. Through presentations, papers, publications, conferences, and advisory activities, they share their insights and expertise with fellow professionals, policymakers, and the public at large.

My opinion of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston is a good thing to learn about because of money and how they send it to another state. I heard there is 12 reserve banks in the states. The one who produces money is Washington. In Boston, the money in the Boston Reserve Bank is 3.4 million dollars. I think when Washington sends money to Boston, money is like paper until they put something on it to say that it is money now. Now it is not like paper anymore, it is money. They show us how fake money is and how they make more money. The person showed us shredded money.

Conley Terminal
=Conley Terminal=

Providing New England businesses with cost-efficient ocean access
Conley Terminal serves three of the world’s top 10 container lines and handles nearly 1.5 million metric tons of cargo each year. Located in South Boston, the terminal moves at the speed of business. Boston's top imports through Conley Terminal are alcoholic beverages, frozen seafood, footwear and furniture. Top exports include hides and skins, automobiles, logs and lumber, frozen seafood, paper including waste paper, and scrap metal. $30 million investment in equipment and dock improvements allows for fast loading and unloading of multiple ships while maintaining efficient container receiving and delivery operations. The 45’ deep-water berth terminal is equipped with six post-Panamax container gantry cranes and twelve rubber tire gantry cranes (RTGs). This enables even the most demanding steamship carriers and shippers to move cargo and avoid the time and cost of trucking to New York.
 * Benefits of Shipping Through Conley Terminal**
 * When we went to Conley Terminal, we had to show our passport to enter. We saw a lot of crates of cargo and people working. The lifts raised the cargo and then we saw how some cargo has airconditioning to keep food like fish, fruit, and beverages cool. The lady said if the cargo came to them already broken, that they aren't in charge, but if the cargo came and then it broke, then they need to pay money. They are not going to ship ito you, you need to have a truck to come get your stuff, they aren't going to send it to you. There are a lot products, like some people ship yachts and there are trucks that get the empty cargos. It is the busiest place ever. Ships are always coming with crates.**

=World Events= South Korea shuts down 2 nuclear reactors after parts scandal

Halting the reactors to replace the parts will result in "an unprecedented level" of strain on the nation's power supply as it heads into the winter months, the Ministry of Knowledge Economy said in a statement. The controversy over the products used in the Korean reactors comes amid increased scrutiny of nuclear power worldwide following the crisis at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant in Japan during the aftermath of the earthquake and tsunami that hit the country in March 2011.
 * Seoul, South Korea (CNN)** -- South Korea said Monday that it had shut down operations at two nuclear reactors after discovering that they were using parts supplied with forged quality certificates.

The unverified parts in South Korea are products like fuses and power switches that don't pose a risk of causing a radiation leak, authorities said. The plant operator, Korean Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., found that eight suppliers had sold it a total of 7,682 items with forged quality certificates between 2003 and 2012, according to the government. The total value of the products was around 820 million won, or $750,000. The vast majority of those parts that were put into use went to two reactors at the Yonggwang Nuclear Power Plant in the southwest of the country, the government said. Those are the two reactors that are being shut down until at least the end of the year in order to replace all the unverified items. The two reactors account for about 5% of South Korea's national power supply, according to the government. Their suspension will significantly reduce the amount of energy supply that South Korea holds in reserve each day during January and February. Temperatures in areas of South Korea regularly drop well below freezing in the winter months. The government has called on relevant agencies to enact measures this month to counteract the expected pressure on the power supply from the shutdown of the reactors.

Who? South Koreans Where? Two nuclear power plants What? They shut off the power, so now we don't know how they are going to get the power for the winter. When? 2012 Why? They had fake nuclear power pieces.

Summary: In 2012, South Korea tried to create nuclear power and there were fakes and they tried to shut it down. Now they don't know what they are going to do for the winter for the other people.

=World Events=

Summary-
The youngest president still living is Obama, Bush, Clinton, Bush's father, and Carter. The oldest president who is dead was Ronald Reagan at 78 years old. Theodore Roosevelt was the youngest at 42 years old. Obama is 51, and born in August 1961. The youngest to be a president is 35 years of age until the president serves 4 years or 8 years, unless he is a vice president who's president died, then he can serve another 2 years. Franklin D. Roosevelt is the longest serving president.

=chapter 7=

- Currency Management- This chapter examines two related topics-money and rist.how maney and the currency exchange system affect international transactions.
- Money and Currencies- a market is any place where money is exchanged for things of value. money- is anything that people accep as a from of payment. many frorms,including salt, stones, seshells, and beads. to be money, an item must have five charecteristics:acceptability, scarcity, durability, divisiblity, and portabilitu. -acceptability - to be uesed as money, an item mut be accepted as such by a group of people. -scarcity means there is a short supply of a product, causing the product to become more valuable. - duradility means an item will not easily spoil or become damaged. -divisibility means that you can divide something into smaller units. -portability is a characteristic of being small enough that people can carry the item around easily. -uses of money three main purposes measure of value medium of exchange savings mechanism - barter is an exchange of goods or services without the use of money. -currency the form of money used by a specific country or region is called currency. -currency exchange the currency exchange rate is the rate at which one country's currency can be traded for another country's currency. -hard currency is a currency that can be exchanged for other currencies at uniform rates in financial centers around the world. - soft currency is an unstable currency that is not exchanged at major financial centers. - exchange rates and international business money establihes the relative value of goods and services

=** Assignment # 19 **=

What kind of an impression will you create if you reverse the order of the names of potential Asian business partners?
If you say the name in the reverse order, you insult them.

2. What question should you ask to find out about the naming customs in another country?
How am I going to learn your name?

1. What is a command and market economy?
Command means the government runs the economy. Market means the businesses and people run the economy.

2. List the eastern European Countries

 * ~ Per Capita GDP (1990 $) ||~ 1938 ||~ 1990 ||
 * Austria || $1,800 || $19,200 ||
 * Czechoslovak Socialist Republic || $1,800 || $3,100 ||
 * Finland || $1,800 || $16,100 ||
 * Italy || $1,300 || $16,800 ||
 * People's Republic of Hungary || $1,100 || $2,800 ||
 * People's Republic of Poland || $1,000 || $1,700 ||
 * Spain || $900 || $10,900 ||
 * Portugal || $800 || $4,900 ||
 * Greece || $800 || $6,000 ||
 * People's Republic of Romania || $700 || $1,600 ||
 * People's Republic of Bulgaria || $700 || $2,200 ||

3. What are some examples of privatization in your school or community?
Sports and some clubs are private or community in my school.

4. What problems might be associated with privatization?
Problems can be that they only take the best and in clubs they might take few people.

1. Go to the web site of the U.S. Government Export Portal ( www.export.gov ) to obtain information about exporting--- type in below in another color.
When a country stips goods out to another country. Small businesses are good to families and growing. The U.S. is proving it is good about small business. A lot of people are signing up for small busniess.

2. Why do governments sometimes create trade barriers to discourage imports from other countries?
Sometimes governments do not agree, so they cut the trade.

3. What are //some examples of trade barriers that are not created by government actions//
//Land and water are ways that trade barriers are created.//

** Saying “No” the Japanese Way **
Some have different ways because they want to sound polite or respectful.
 * === Why do different cultures have different ways of saying “no”? ===

China, France, Democratic Republic of Congo
 * === What are some other countries that say “no” indirectly” ===

__**ARTICLE #5**__

 * 1) ==** How Do you spell Inc.? **==

Table: notation for a corporate form of business in various countries France, Belguim ---Sarl Germany, Switzerland, -GmbH Italy--- Srl Denmark A/S Spain, Mexico, Brazil S.A. Netherlands N.V.

1. Conduct an Internet search to find some corporations based in other countries.
France- L'oreal, Legrand, Publicis Canada- Cirque du Soleil, D-Wave Systems, Fairchild TV

2. What cultural factors might influence different corporate notations?

 * Religion, government, family life, and community will influence corporations. **

= Assignment # 20 = =#1= UNICEF Who- Executive Board, employees, businesses, regular people, and the people who need the help

What- It is a way for people to help other people with HIV/AIDS, child protection, education and gender equality, policy advocacy and partnerships, and child survival and development.

Where- In every country When- All year Why- To help all the poor people in the world money given directly to people I did not find the amount of money UNICEF contributes or the amount they have collected. [|http://www.unicef.org]

=#2=

The Hashoo Foundation - Pakistan
The Hashoo Foundation is sweetening the deal for the women beekeepers of northern Pakistan, by selling their top-quality honey in luxury hotels.

Potato Goldmine T’ikapapa - PERU
T’ikapapa, based in Peru, beat nearly 1000 other projects from around the world to win World Challenge 2007.

**ELEPHANT PAPER** Maximus - SRI-LANKA
Maximus, winner of World Challenge in 2006, is a papermaking firm that makes high-quality products from a variety of wastes, including paper from offices and bark from banana trees. The firm set up shop in Kegalle, Sri Lanka, in 1997, not far from an elephant orphanage. In Sri Lanka there is competition between elephants and a growing human population for land.

They are helping change peoples' lives like UNICEF. The other three are companies that won before. They think they are doing a good thing for the world.

outline Chapter 14 on your wiki outline page
what is human resource management(HRM) is the process of finding,setecting,training,evaluating, and helping employees. strategic human resource management (SHRM) recruiting is the process by which a company actively looks for qualified peop;e to fill jobs. selection is the process of deciding which one to hire. orientation includes paperwork, tours, and introductions.
 * Ethnocentric mangement is the preference of an employer to use its own workers, both at home and abroad.
 * Polycentric management is the preference of an employer to use natives of the host country to manage operations there, but home-country residents to mange in the home country.
 * Regiocentric mangenment is the preference of an employer to employ mangers from a variety of countries in a region.
 * Geocentric mangement is the preference of an employer to hire only the best managers, regardless of their citizenship.
 * finding and preparing employees
 * new employee training includes on -the-job training and off-the-job training . on-the-job training is a demonstration by an experiesced worker who shows the new employee how to do the job.off-the-job training in

1.strategic human resource mangement.
human resource management (hrm) is the process of finding, stecting, training, evaluating, and helping employees.

2.three of the four human relattions tasks.
recruiting selection oricentation new

4.why international businesses must adjust to local labor conditions and practices.
local economic conditions strongly influence unions. a nation with widespread unemployment is less likely to have powerful unions.

6.factors hr managers should know about life and work in a country.
many nations have laws that create accommodation, the approach toward labor disputes in which unions and management are expected to cooperate.

= Assignment # 21 = =#1Please ad the following as summaries on your Business Career wiki pages=

Small Business Owner pg 199
Because of the internet, the small business can access everything. They can learn about other countiries' business. That's why small business is better business.

International Business Attorney pg 221
An attorney has to practice and obtain a license to practice the law. He needs to know every law before representing a company. It is more difficult for an attorney to deal with other countries. They need to know about the language barrier. To be an attorney, you must persevere, create, be self-confident, be motivated, make decisions, and have sound business judgment. Lawyers must obtain a college degree and go to law school.

Retail Buyer pg 243
Companies try to make things that everyone will like, and everyone can buy. The retail buyer buys the stuff from the companies. They must have a high school degree, but do not need a college degrree. A retail buyer can be international and work with a lot of companies.

Marketing manager pg 271
The commercials attract people to come buy stuff. They might have commercials, or they might put a famous person, or send you coupons. Marketing Managers make sure that people know about company and stuff. You need to have a lot of skills, and at least a high school diploma. Some can have a bachelor's degree, but you must be nice to the customer. If you are rude to the customer, they may not buy the stuff. That is why the customer is always right.

Industrial Production manager pg 293
The industrial production manager is a hard job for decades. They work more than forty hours per week. They make sure the warehouse shipping is organized and not waste time. The manager needs to have management skills, computer skills, stress management skills, strong communication skills, and ability to ship documents. They need to have a bachelor's degree and others provide training for those with a high school diploma or associate degree. = = =#2 Please ad the following as summaries on your Ethics wiki page=

Social Entrepreneurship pg 187
It is a group of people who help the work problems. They try to help figure out work problems. They have education, and can help with health, human rights, and workers rights.

Truth in Labeling? pg 233
===It talks about putting stuff like "organic" but it isn't. It is about when they put something on the advertising, but it isn't in there. They allow some businesses to label products when it's not organic.===

Price Skimming pg 286
They charge a lot of money because they want it, but they don't need it. Over time, the price will be lower. In the end, it doesn't cost that much, and I think it is true because I saw a lot of things like that.

ASSIGNMENT #22 Tech Trends add to your wiki page, read and summarize the Following: Each of you will b assigned one Tech Trend to present to the class. ( I will tell you when it is due.)
Have PDA, Will travel pg 194 A PDA is a small electronic thing that keeps track of everything. It is easier to carry and you have all of your information. It is better than having a lot of papers.

Groupware Meetings pg 210 A long time ago, they used to send messages and people would come together to discuss the topic. But now, we have the internet, we don't have to meet together, we can talk or send our messages that way. It changed, for example, they can use face time or skype.

Robots at Work pg 236 In the past, people worked together on the same thing. Now, a lot of work is done by robots. A person is not using his hands to fix the thing, instead he is using an electronic thing to fix the thing.

Email marketing: Pro and Con pg 267 Email is a way for companies to send messages and you have to agree to the stuff they are going to send you. You may have a lot of messages when you check your email. They send messages almost every day.

Dynamic Pricing pg 285 When a person is selling stuff online on Amazon, it might put any price you want. Amazon helps you choose the price you put on the thing.

= CHAPTER 15 and Chapter 16--Add an Outline for each chapter =

thoughtful athletic shy kind quiet playful serious caring loyal dependable generous

Jobs related to sports would suit me.A boss would like kindness, loyalty, thoughtfulness, seriousness, caring, being dependable, and generous because those are the good qualities to have a good job. A person might have a bad quality, but he is not going to go up in the company.

1.Transferrable Skills

 * Handshakes should be brief but firm; light handshakes are interpreted as a sign of weakness.
 * Say 'please' and 'thank you,' even for small or seemingly insignificant actions.
 * Say 'Bless you' or //Gesundheit//if someone, even a stranger, sneezes.
 * Table manners are quite relaxed in the US. Some foods may be eaten by hand.
 * It is acceptable to refuse food or drink without any explanation.

Vacation and Hours of Work
Submitting Visa Applications

Work Permits
Healthcare Social Networking Groups Interview Conduct //Communication Style//

3.Work Permits, Visa, Passport
An Employment Authorization Document (EAD), or EAD card, known as a ‘work permit,’ is a document issued by United States Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) that provides its holder a legal right to work in the US. Certain aliens (non-residents) who are temporarily in the US may file a Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, to request an EAD.

4.Homeland Security (find information and history on this department) Add it to your Tech Trends wiki page
Homeland Security Information Network The Homeland Security Information Network (HSIN) is a national secure and trusted web-based portal for information sharing and collaboration between federal, state, local, tribal, territorial, private sector, and international partners engaged in the homeland security mission. HSIN is made up of a growing network of communities, called Communities of Interest (COI). COIs are organized by state organizations, federal organizations, or mission areas such as emergency management, law enforcement, critical sectors, and intelligence. Users can securely share within their communities or reach out to other communities as needed. HSIN provides secure, real-time collaboration tools, including a virtual meeting space, instant messaging and document sharing. HSIN allows partners to work together instantly, regardless of their location, to communicate, collaborate, and coordinate.

1.Describe 5 assets an employee can offer to a company
1.Accountability Every employee needs to be well aware that he is accountable for his actions and decisions, and he can neither pass the buck or pass the blame to someone else. 2. Follow up Employers often set targets and feel their job is done. 3. Manage the work force but avoid micromanagement It is well known that a large pool of employees does need to be managed, provided direction and given assistance. But with this they must also be trusted, given freedom to operate in their style and adopt measures which they think are the best to deliver results.
 * This will help him work more meticulously ,
 * Take cautious rather than reckless decisions, and not take advantage of his place, position or relationship with his superiors.
 * No, every target or milestone set needs to be followed up as well, to see if the progress is sufficient and if not, whether any interim measures can be taken before it is too late to salvage a situation.
 * It also keeps the employee on track, ensuring there is consistent effort throughout the lifetime of the project
 * This freedom to act as they deem fit helps to keep them encouraged, motivated and happy in the belief that they are trusted.
 * Micro management is a human tendency but one that is detrimental to achievement, since it makes mere puppets out of employees, who are expected to toe the boss’ line and not think for themselves.

4. Encourage, motivate, reward and recognize The employer must ensure that on his part he always has words of encouragement for his staff. Encouraging them helps them move forward and do even better, and makes the worker feel happy. Innovative ways of motivating them spurs them even more. For example, holidays or conferences paid for by the company have been found to motivate employees immensely.
 * Rewarding the hard work put in by employees makes them continue to work in the same fashion, and if the employee feels that his work is not appreciated in words or in material terms, he may gradually stop doing so, since he may feel that others working less are given the same too, so he need not work more.
 * Rewards, and other ways of keeping employees happy makes them feel that their effort is being recognized and that they are needed by the company.

5. Reach out to employees by seeking them out Every employee loves to feel he has the ears of the management who will recognize him and listen to what he says. Display of inter personal skills in which the boss appears humane and one of them, rather than a larger than life, distant figure, helps to have employees warm up to him and feel happy working for him.
 * A bit of effort to reach out helps them all do better.
 * If this extends beyond the work place it may prove to be even more encouraging to increase employee productivity

2.Identify the steps of manager training
motivating,extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, leadership, leadership styles, autocratic leadership,

3.Explain on-the-job and off-the-job manager training programs.
On the job training : While on the job training, a new trainee himself will be asked to do the work and a experienced (Senior) wil be watching and guiding how the trainee does job, (Which he will be doing it in future ) and correcting it when and where required. In this process the trainee, directly does the job under watchful eyes Off the job training : IT is like practical class, the trainee who is going do the job after some time, will be placed under a experienced employee. The trainee will be just watching and observing the job performed by the senior He gets his doubts cleared when and where required.

4.Identify different career challenges
Whether family, friends or a desire for a change of scenery draw you to another state, the first step in your relocation plan may be to find a job in that state. Looking for a job when you don't live in the state you're targeting presents challenges. You can't schedule an interview on short notice. You may not know anyone in the state who can provide you with job leads. But you can find a job in another state and move if you take advantage of many resources on the Internet.

5.Explain the necessary preparation for international travel.
Before a parent(s) leave for the country of origin, they will require preparation for travel. Parents may need to bring medications and household items for basic childcare. I offer pre-adoption travel preparation consultation. The session involves one on one teaching of the basic health problems of children including teething, constipation, skin rashes, colds, ear infections and feeding. I will also provide families with a preparation list that includes some of the most common pediatric medical problems and recommended management strategies. Prescriptions for antibiotics and other medications are provided.

6.Identify 3 steps for career planning.
1.Set Goals When you begin to plan your career, take stock of what you want. eCampusTours.com stresses the importance of taking stock of your strengths and weaknesses, as this will help you determine the areas in which you will excel later in life. Set goals that reflect the tasks you will find easiest and most enjoyable. 2.Get Necessary Education, Experience and Training No matter what your chosen career, training will help you excel. Many careers require certifications or degrees before you can fill their entry level openings, so be aware of the educational requirements of your chosen career and take steps to attain them. Read more. 3.Seek Out Dream Job Forbes' website notes that the pursuit of your dream job continues after college. You may find yourself in a job that doesn't suit your goals and training, but many people end up staying in those jobs because of barriers, such as money, security or prestige.

Thaifood